Packing bottles.



" No. 723,174. l Y PATENTED MAR. 17, 1903.

l A. MAUSER.

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APPLIUATIDN FILED JUNE 11, 1902.

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N0.723,174. PATENTBD MAR.17,1903.

A. MAUSER.

PACKING BOTTLES.

.APIPLIOAIION FILED JUNE 11, 1902.

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ALFONS MAUSER, OF COLOGNE, GERMANY.

PACKING BOTTLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 723,174, dated March17, 1903. Application iiled June 11, 1902. Serial No. 111,198. (Nomodel.)

T @ZZ whom/t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFoNs MAUSER, a citi-l zen of the German Empire,residing at Oologne, Germany, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Packing Bottles, of which the following is adescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to thefigures of reference marked thereon.

The methods hitherto adopted of packing glass bottles or carboys Iilledwith acid or the like in wicker-baskets, wood crates, or baskets ofwire-netting with a lining of straw involve numerous drawbacks, whichare particularly noticeable when it is a question of conveying orstoring inflammable, corrosive, orparticularlyvaluableliquids. Thesedrawbacks are well-known; but nevertheless up to the present` no otheror better packing eX- ists. Thus, forinstance, the Deutsche Reichsversicherungsamt (German insurance office) y by a publication in theGerman OiczaZ Jour- 'nal (Ret'chsane'et'ger) of the 31st of July, 1899,V

admits that hitherto for the conveyance of strongly-concentratedacids-such, for instance, as nitric acid and mixed acid and thelike-there does not exist a less dangerous and at the same time equallyconvenient means for packing than the ordinary bottles oricarboysinclosed in baskets with a straw lining, and therefore action can onlybe taken to mitigate the danger of such packing. For conveyingparticularly valuable liquidssuch, for instance, as etherealoils-carboys have hitherto been practically inapplicable on account ofthe great danger of breakage, while in such cases the use of vesselsformed of other materials than glass leads to many inconveniences andobjections-for instance, owing to action upon or damage to the liquidsor the receptacles and to increased eX pensesand the like.

fThe main drawbacks of the packings at present employed consistin,first, the rapid consumption `or wearing away of the packing;

second, in the infiammability of the packing materialpitself,andfconsequently in the easy transmission'of fire to adjoining basketsor other goods; third, the `danger of breakage from outside influencesto which the packing opposes a small resistance and which danger isincreased by careless or defective packing;

fourth, the want of protection against the consequences of spontaneousbursting of the bottles or carboys, which not infrequently oc- Curs,forinstance,by reason of internal strains on the glass or by the influenceof foreign bodies even after long and tested useof the carboys.

Now this invention has forits object a packing for glass bottles(carboys) which while removing all the drawbacks hereinbefore mentionedis quite as handy and light as the present form of packing andconsiderably eX- ceeds the latterin durability and in the smallness ofcost of maintenance, and, further, reduces to a minimum the danger offire and fracture and affords protection against the consequences offracture and possesses other considerable advantages.

This improved packing consists., essentially, in the use of awater-tight packing-case secured against the action of acids, fire, andthe like and made for the sake of lighter weight and cheapness of thinsheet `metal strengthened by grooves or ribs in which the carboy iselastically held in all directions and may be adjusted or suspended orpacked separately by means of non-inflammable packing.

Someforms of construction of the object of the inventionwhich will Vbe'hereinafter described are shown in the accompanying drawings, ;in whichFigure 1 is a vertical section of a packing vessel with myiinprovementsapplied. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3is a vertical sectionof a vessel having a modified form of packing. Fig. 4 is a similar viewwith the cover raised and in side elevation. Figs. 5 and 6 arerespectively a sideI elevation and section showing further modificartions. Fig. 7 is aplan of the vessel shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is asection on line B B, Fig. 6. Fig. 9` isV a vertical section of a vesselcontaining a further modified form of packing, and Fig. lO is a similarview showing a still different construction; I

I- have already applied for patents for `the packing vessel shown as anexample in all these forms of packing and made in such a way of thinsheet metal that by rolling or impressing grooves 7of prolonged varyingdepth in the wall of the packing vessel 2 the latter is stilfened, andthereby also a form is im- IOD parted to it tapering to one end which isbetter suited to the outer form of the carboy 1.

Of course the conical form of packing vessels, although preferable, isnot absolutely necessary, and they may have acylindrical or othersuitable form.

In the packing Vessel of conical shape formed hy the impression ofgrooves of varying depth in the wall ofthe vessel the lower edge of thevessel has a Wave or corrugated shape and the bottom 3 has a U-shapedcircular groove for the insertion of the edges of the casing, in whichgroove the casing may be tightly fastened after being inserted by meansof rivets or the like or by means of a suitable material-such, forinstance, as metal cement. The corrugated edge of the casing may, ifdesired, be flattened s'o far asit is inserted in this circular groovein the bottom 3, as shown in the vessels illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4,and it may beheld fast between the vertical edge of the bottom and aseparate ring 17 of angular cross-section. The tight joint may also beformed directly bythe packing material.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 4 the carboy is packed in a rigidor resilient frame 1l, suspended in a suitable manner in thepacking-case 2. If hoop-iron, for instance, be employed for the frame,it is bent over at the top to form a hook l2, by means of which it maybe suspended on the upper edge 5 of the vessel 2, which upper edge isstrengthened by a wire insertion. If iron supporting-bands 11 beemployed, they are Wrapped with asbestos cord 14, impregnated strawbands, or other suitable material, and

they are provided at their point of crossing with a depending pin 15,which fits in a bent piece 16, fixed on the bottom 3 of the vessel 2with the object of preventing lateral oscillations of the lower part ofthe carboy. The supporting-bands have springs 13 at the top, with whichthey pass laterally against the walls of the vessel. At the top thebottle is held fast either by means of separate springs 8, Figs. 1 and2, attached beneath the conical lid 6, or where the lid 9 is practicallyflat, Figs. 3 and 4, by means of springtongues 10, formed by slittingthe inner edge of the lid. Instead of guiding the hanging frame 11 bymeans of pins 15 engaging in a bent piece 16 springs 33 may also beprovided at the bottom of the frame, which springs bear laterally on theinner walls of the casing and elastically absorb side shocks on thepacking vessel, Figs. 3 and 4. Instead of crossing the support bands 1lbeneath the glass bottle or carboy they may be fixed below on a ring 37,Fig. 9, provided on its inner side with a covering 14h, and the bottlesare then hung in this ring`37 and the carrying-bands 11a. The bands 11athen have springs 35 and 36 below and above, with which they restagainst the inner walls of the vessel and elastically absorb sideshocks. In all these methods of suspension the carboy is retained in aninsertion which hangs in the vessel and has a spring action in alldirections, and alldamage to the carboyor transport-bottle is therebyexcluded. The springs S and spring-tongues 10, respectively, ofthe lid,which press on the bottle or carboy from above,are preferably wrapped atthe places at which they rest on the glass bottle or carboy with softmaterial, such as asbestos cord or the like, in order to avoid any sharppressure on the bottle.

In another form of construction of packing (shown in Figs. 5, 6, 8, and10 by way of example) the bottle is loosely seated on a spring insertion18, coated with resilient material 14ad and separately inserted in thepacking Vessel, which insertion 18 is fixed in a stiftening-ring 19,loosely laid in the vessel 2 and adjustable in width. vThe vessel ispreferably closed above by means of a lid, which engages over thebottle-neck and is fixed thereto by means of tongues 32 engaging overthe edge 5 of the vessel 2, which edge is strengthened with a wireinsertion.

The vessel 2 may also be provided above with a spiral groove 26, Fig.10, which serves to stiften the vessel, and the cover 23 may haveacorresponding threaded groove 25, which tits in the groove 26 in such away that the cover or lid may be screwed on. Preferably a ring 34, ofsoft material, (asbestos cord or the like,) is laid between the lid 23and the bottle-neck, by means of which ring the bottle is heldelastically on all sides above. As the vessel and the lid are made ofvery thin sheet metal, the impressing of the threaded grooves is veryeasily effected.

Handles 22, Fig. 2, are formed in a simple manner by partially stampingout a portion of the vessel-casing and bending over the stamped-ont partin order to allow of the more convenient carrying of the packing vesselsand their contents, these handles being provided on diametricallyopposite sides, as shown. Of course separate handles 22, as shown, forinstance, in Figs. 5 and 7, may also be employed, the bent-down ends ofthese handles engaging from above over the edge 5 of the closing-coverof the vessel and holding fast thereon.

The form oi:l the packing vessel may be otherwise selected, and itsresistance may be further increased by the formation of grooves, rims,borders, and the like. The essential feature is merely that the weightof the same in spite of its great power of resistance must be kept assmall as possible. The vessel may also be pressed or drawn in one piece,or, if desired, may be formed of several pieces suitably put together.As, however, the screws, rivets, flaps, or the like necessary forclosing the seams have but little hold in thin sheet metal, as is wellknown, and as ekperience has shown are rapidly destroyed in damp roomsor places charged with acid vapors, the packing-case, or rather at leastits outer casing, is preferably formed in one piece and IOC IIO

strengthened in the manner hereinbefore specified.

The usual form of the carboys or glass bottles aords especially greatresistance to pressure in a vertical direction-that isto say, betweenthe "belly and the domed annular bottom of the carboy, and Vthese partsalso possess quitesufficient rigidity to hold the bottle fast in ahorizontal direction. Experiments have shown that where the bottle or`carboy is packed with a spring-packing in a suspended or bottom frameits firmness is sufciently great to prevent any breakage of the lledbottle even with the greatest shocks so long as the springs are ofsufficient strength and act simultaneously vertically and horizontally.i For the sake of security the springs Vbefore being inserted in thepacking-case are tested at an increased spring-pressure where thespring-packing ofthe bottles is adopted. It is evident without furtherexplanation that this method of packing affords the greatest security,owing to its being possible to examine thecbottles as to their conditionafter the packing has been completed. y

Glass bottles or carboys packed in the manner hereinbefore described areaccepted for conveyance on board ship, and thereby trade incorrosive,inflammable, or specially valuable liquids is considerably facilitated.

Having now particularly described'and as# certained the nature of mysaid invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,

I declare'that what I claim is l. The combination with the outer case,of a yielding framework for the bottle within the casing, and anon-corrosive wrapping or,

covering for said framework.

2. The combination with the outer vessel or casing of its aperturedcushioned cover, ofa framework suspended within the vessel and springsbetween the framework and the vessel.

3. The combination with the outer vessel or casing, of a frameworksuspended within the vessel to receive the bottle and springs betweenthe framework and the vessel.

4. The combination with the outer vessel of a cushioning-frameworksuspended within the1 vessel to receive the bottle, a pin on the lowerend of the framework, an apertured plate or step in the bottom of thevessel engaged by said pin.

5. The combination with the outer vessel, of a cushioning-frameworksuspended within the frame and provided at its lower end with ajpinstepped in the bottom of thevessel, and

y a centrally-apertured cover having springs to engage `the bottle. i

6. The combination with the outer vessel, of a cushioning-frame formedof crossed strips having hooks on their upper ends engaging the upperedge of the vessel, springs between the strip and the vessel and acentrally-apertured cover having springs to engage the bottle.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

` ALFONS MAUSER. Witnesses:

CHARLES LEsIMPLE, CARL SCHMITT.

